SACW | 14 April 2004

Harsh Kapoor aiindex at mnet.fr
Tue Apr 13 21:08:26 CDT 2004


South Asia Citizens Wire   |  14 April,  2004
via:  www.sacw.net

IMPORTANT NOTICE: STARTING TODAY (APRIL 14) SACW 
DISPATCHES WILL BE INTERRUPTED TILL MAY 2, 2004.

[1] Pakistan Government Gives Women Job Jolt (Naeem Khan)
[2] Pakistan: 'Jihadi types' contesting elections?
[3] India: Reflecting on Violence against Secular 
Activists in Baroda: Thoughts from a meeting 
(Mukul Dube)
[4] India : The Hindu Right in Madhya Pradesh is 
enforcing its dictates aggressively
[5] India, 2004: The Digitization of Fascist Feudalism
A corrective for public amnesia on the eve of 
General Elections (Aseem Shrivastava)
[6] A message from Madanjeet Singh Founder, South Asia Foundation


--------------

[1]

OneWorld South Asia
13 April 2004

Pakistan Government Gives Women Job Jolt
Naeem Khan

LAHORE, Apr 13 (OneWorld) - The Pakistan 
government's move to abolish five percent 
reservation for women in government jobs has 
evoked sharp criticism from activists and the 
opposition, which, recently introduced a bill 
demanding an increase in job reservations for 
them.

The government abolished the reservations despite 
suggestions from the National Commission on the 
Status of Women (NSCW), a recommendatory body to 
the federal government, to reserve 33 percent of 
jobs in the public sector for women.

The lower house of Parliament, the National 
Assembly, was informed last week that the 
government had dispensed with the five percent 
quota, introduced when Benazir Bhutto was prime 
minister.

The government justified the move by claiming the 
reservations amounted to gender discrimination 
and hence violated the Constitution.

The house was informed that recruitment for 
government departments would be made purely on 
merit.

Statistics indicate that women comprise only 5.4 
percent of federal government employees, mostly 
in the social sectors, while their numbers are 
almost negligible in higher levels of employment. 
A NCSW report reveals that the main reason for 
the lower status of women is the lack of a 
conducive, safe work environment. About 50 
percent of women in the public sector face 
harassment.

Observes Nuzhat Rafiq, who holds a managerial 
position in a private sector firm, "The absence 
of women in posts that carry power despite the 
previous government's attempts to have a five 
percent quota for women in public sector 
employment shows the scheme has not worked. It is 
necessary to recruit women in greater numbers 
now, especially at high-level posts."

Human rights activist Anwar Sultana feels women 
should be inducted directly into mid-level posts 
because they are unable to work their way up from 
entry level jobs, despite being competent and 
qualified, due to discrimination at the workplace.

The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) 
also slams the new move as a blatant violation of 
women's fundamental rights. It rejects the 
government's claim that such reservation is 
unconstitutional, pointing out that reservations 
for women are provided for in the country's basic 
laws.

The commission says it is unfortunate that NCSW's 
recommendations aimed at curtailing "legal, 
political and economic discrimination" against 
women are being consistently ignored by the 
government.

Lawyer Naveed Saeed Khan, member of the Supreme 
Court Bar Association of Pakistan, accuses the 
government of misinterpreting the Constitution 
when it says job reservations are 
unconstitutional. Khan points out that the 
Constitution allows for changes in the law aimed 
at the uplift of women, and reservations fall 
under this category.

The NCSW also wrote to the government expressing 
its unhappiness with the move. It had earlier 
suggested women should hold posts in all 
commissions, inspection and inquiry committees, 
departmental promotional committees and selection 
boards.

The NCSW head, retired chief justice Majida 
Rizvi, argues that though women account for 50 
percent of the population, they do not get equal 
opportunities in the employment field, so there 
is an urgent need for a special quota.

Riza feels the few women holding policy making 
positions lack the vision to introduce a change 
in existing policies or work towards empowering 
women.

Parliamentarian Nahid Khan, political secretary 
to Benazir Bhutto, feels the plight of women in 
Pakistan is worsened by discriminatory laws like 
the Hudood Ordinance, according to which a woman 
needs to provide four male witnesses to prove 
rape, failing which she is charged with adultery.

Last month, member of Parliament Sherry Rehman, 
part of Bhutto's Pakistan People's Party, 
introduced a bill appealing against such 
discriminatory laws and calling for 50 percent 
reservations for women in government jobs.

The bill is likely to be taken up for discussion 
in the next few weeks, at which time the National 
Assembly is sure to witness heated arguments.

The bill has already attracted flak from a number of politicians.

Parliamentarian Dr Farid Ahmad Piracha of the 
six-party religious alliance Muttahida 
Majlis-e-Amal argues that if women want equality, 
they should not seek discriminatory laws for 
themselves. "The bill presented in the lower 
house of Parliament seeks to end discrimination 
against women on the one hand and asks for a 
reserved quota for them on the other hand," he 
says.

Advisor to the prime minister Neelofar Bakhtiar 
has also voiced her opposition to the bill, 
claiming that since women in the country are 
already empowered, they do not need such bills to 
protect their rights.

But several other women in Pakistan paint a 
different picture than that depicted by Bakhtiar.

Saba Khattak, chief executive of the Sustainable 
Development Policy Institute, says a study 
conducted by her organization reveals that 50 
percent of Pakistan's women need permission to 
step out of their homes and only a small 
percentage are allowed to go for work without 
chaperones.

Most working women have to hand over their 
earnings to their parents or husbands.

On a slightly positive note, she points out that 
men now encourage their wives to work provided 
they earn reasonable salaries.

Publicly though, there is still hardly any 
visible change. Around 50 percent of married 
women prefer home-based work due to fear of 
harassment at the workplace and other social 
pressures, points out Khattak, adding that 90 
percent of women have no knowledge of labor laws 
or legal recourses to curb harassment and 
discrimination.

A survey by the Institute of Development 
Economics shows 77 percent of the total female 
labor force falls within the purview of the 
informal sector, while 53 percent are classified 
as home based workers.

In the rural sector, where 79 percent of the 
female population above the age of ten is 
actively involved in farming, only 37 percent are 
gainfully employed in their own family farms 
while the rest fall within the category of unpaid 
workers.

_____



[2]

The Daily Times [Pakistan]
April 14, 2004 
Editorial

Terrorists contesting elections?

Former federal minister and PML-N leader Syeda 
Abida Hussain has made a public statement that in 
Jhang well known personalities belonging to some 
banned terrorist parties and groups were talking 
part in the by-elections in NA-89. The said 
persons, according to her, belong to Sipah 
Sahaba, the mother of all sectarian jihadi 
outfits, whose leader Maulana Azam Tariq was done 
to death not long ago, and to its opponent, 
Tehreek-e Islami Pakistan, whose leader is 
currently under trial for the killing. In a list 
of six notorious gangsters, are included people 
like Munir Ahmad alias Kala Pehelwan and Hakim 
Ali, who was a minister in Punjab when the 
province saw the highest number of sectarian 
killings, not to speak of torture and mayhem 
inflicted on the opposed sect in Punjab. Others 
include a brother of the slain Azam Tariq, named 
after the great sectarian leader of Jhang, 
Maulana Haq Nawaz Jhangvi; and one Alam Tariq, 
'khatib' at the Jamia Masjid of Jhang, named 
approximately after the last of the great 
apostatising leaders of our times, Maulana Azam 
Tariq. Mrs Hussain has sent her complaint to the 
Chief Election Commissioner.
The Chief Election Commissioner had better sit up 
and see what is going to happen once again in the 
district of Jhang, the incubator of Pakistan's 
greatest political scourge, sectarianism. Last 
time around he was not so careful. Maulana Azam 
Tariq, despite the fact that his party had 
already been declared a terrorist party and 
banned from the polls, was able to stand for the 
2002 elections and get elected to the National 
Assembly. Most embarrassingly, his vote enabled 
the Jamali government to obtain a majority in the 
house, suggesting that the secret agencies may 
have helped him win. Awakening late to the fact, 
the Election Commission went to court against his 
election and the matter was pending when Azam 
Tariq was gunned down in Islamabad in a revenge 
killing. The man had seen 21 attempts on his life 
and was a known patron of the terrorist outfit 
Lashkar-e-Jhangvi that is guilty of killing 
hundreds of innocent citizens and public 
servants. In any other country such negligence on 
the part of an election commission would not have 
been condoned.
In Jhang, a city that has known no reality other 
than apostatisation and sectarian violence since 
the Ahmedis were declared non-Muslim by the state 
in 1973, any major sectarian leader is likely to 
win the elections hands down. The tehsils of 
Jhang, Shorkot and Chiniot (including old Rabwah 
renamed Chenab Nagar) have been ravaged by the 
infighting mullahs whose creed has spread to the 
entire country, not without some help from our 
Muslim friends abroad. People of public spirit 
have absolutely no chance of getting a vote 
because they don't have the 'fire power' that 
gives protection to people from the hoods 'on the 
other side'. Our Election Commissioner should 
wake up to the nightmare of Jhang and pay special 
attention to who might get elected in the 
by-elections. He should take it well to heart 
that Jaish-e-Muhammad and Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, who 
have recently tried to take the life of President 
Pervez Musharraf on behalf of Al Qaeda, have been 
the offspring of Sipah Sahaba, which was founded 
in Jhang in 1985. Maulana Haq Nawaz Jhangvi 
(1952-1990), the founder, was assisted by the 
intelligence agencies spearheading General Zia's 
plan 'to teach the Shias of Jhang a lesson' after 
they had refused to pay zakat.
A khoja graduate of a Deobandi seminary in the 
city, Jhangvi was vice-president of the JUI in 
Punjab till he became too big for the party. His 
hold on the administration (called 
thana-kutchehri) increased over time till 
everyone with political ambition had to fund him. 
Funding for him came from the marketplace, from 
businessmen and drug-dealers looking for 
protection. The businessmen of Chiniot - a group 
that dominates Pakistan's industrial sector - 
were forced to seek protection. Jhangvi had put 
together a strong organisation of criminalised 
youth mostly from the muhajir Arain community 
from East Punjab. He was eventually to die in the 
violence he had done much to instigate. He was 
killed in a local feud in 1990. An Iranian 
diplomat in Lahore was killed thereafter to 
avenge Jhangvi's murder. The thugs are back in 
the reckoning in 2004, and if the Election 
Commission lets them into the political 
mainstream, we are all done for. *

_____



[3]


12 April 2004

A meeting was called this evening at ANHAD'S office in New Delhi to
protest the obscene and contemptible attack by BJP and VHP ruffians
yesterday in Baroda on the mostly young people who form the Youth for
Peace Aman Carvan. A statement was later carried to the office of the
Election Commission of India. Here I do not present a report of the
meeting: it is mainly an arbitrary collection of some of the thoughts
that came to one person as a result of listening to the speakers.

While all speakers condemned the attack, none seems to have been overly
surprised by it. One speaker in fact said that something of the kind had
been expected long before. Indeed, at a kind of stock-taking meeting of
ANHAD's several months ago, I had said that beasts who had killed and
raped and destroyed could hardly be expected to greet opponents with
sweet-meats and gulab jal. We have now seen that even entirely non-
violent - though spirited and unequivocally honest - opposition to the
Sangh Parivar can call forth only a violent response, for the reason
that the beasts are trained in violence alone and know nothing other than
violence.

The Baroda attack was not something random, a one-off affair. Sehba
Farooqui said that while many in the country had been lulled into a
feeling of calm, taken in by the representation of certain individuals
of the Parivar as "moderate", the reality was never far below the
surface. This reality, which can be seen daily all across the country
and which affects all those whom the Sangh Parivar perceives as threats -
and to the Sangh Parivar, anyone who disagrees even mildly with its
narrow vision is a threat - must be exposed for what it is.

K.M. Shrimali said that what had happened in Baroda should not be called
an occurrence, a "ghatana", because that would lessen its
significance: it should be seen, instead, as an expression of a larger,
systematic and malign policy, "neeti". Several speakers pressed
home the point that the Sangh Parivar routinely attacks and tries to
suppress opposition the moment it becomes visible. Even more speakers
remarked - one citing the example of a child whose tee shirt was
mindlessly ripped up because of the harmless slogan it carried - on the
essential intolerance that the Sangh Parivar practises, in just about
any area of life at which one cares to look, and which has no place at
all in a democracy.

Every speaker, without exception, saluted the young people of the Carvan
for their courage and for their determination to go on with it despite
what was done to them in Baroda yesterday. Those who are, like me,
rather over half a century old, may well have felt as I did: that while
we have apparently failed to achieve anything of value, our children are
not lacking in bravery and that the future is in good, strong hands.

The parents of the young people in the Carvan were also applauded for
their courage. John Dayal, himself a parent, spoke of how people worried
when their children were far from safety - in this case, literally in
the lion's den. Sunita Gupta described briefly how her son, after his
school exams, spent all his time at the ANHAD office and then went with
the Carvan. This is the human side of what is more often seen as an
ideological and political struggle, and I do not know if there were many
dry eyes in the place.

But I shall end with a word of warning. Today the Supreme Court ruled
that the Best Bakery case should be tried again, in Maharashtra this
time. A speaker referred to this and there was clapping. I did not clap.
To me it is obvious that the Sangh Parivar will see this as a defeat -
which it is - and will engage in even greater violence wherever it has
the political backing to do that.

Mukul Dube


_____



[4]


Frontline
Volume 21 - Issue 08, April 10 - 23, 2004

COMMUNALISM
A law unto itself

PURNIMA S. TRIPATHI
in Gwalior

With a friendly dispensation in place, the Hindu 
Right in Madhya Pradesh is enforcing its dictates 
aggressively.

Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Uma Bharati hugs a 
calf in a gaushala that was opened at her 
residence in Bhopal.


BE careful of what you say or do once you set 
foot in Madhya Pradesh. You can be terrorised, 
humiliated publicly, jailed and even hounded out 
of the State on the slightest pretext. The 
law-enforcing agencies will look the other way 
and the party in power will feign ignorance. Ever 
since a Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government 
took office in Madhya Pradesh, the State has slid 
into the hands of lumpen elements from the 
Bajrang Dal and the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP).

What is disconcerting is that the law-enforcing 
machinery appears increasingly to be an 
accomplice in the destructive Hindutva project. 
This is what the family of a retired insurance 
officer, who has been living in Gwalior for the 
past 50 years, discovered on March 14, when 
members of the Bajrang Dal and the VHP and its 
women's wing Durga Vahini descended on their 
house in order to punish the daughter for 
insulting Ram, Sita and Laxman. According to VHP 
activists, the daughter, who teaches at the 
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel 
Management, a Central government institute, 
directed a play lampooning Ram, Sita and Laxman.

The play was staged on February 21 at the 
institute's annual day function. The girl pleaded 
innocence, and said that she regretted if 
anything wrong had been done. However, the 
activists wanted to blacken her face in public in 
order to teach her a lesson. When her father, 
brother and sisters protested, they were beaten 
up, shoved and dragged around the house. 
Furniture was destroyed and flower-pots were 
smashed. Said an eyewitness: "All the while the 
police remained a `mute spectator' only trying to 
ensure that fatal injuries were not inflicted." 
When all the damage was done, the police arrested 
six persons and chased away the rest.

On March 9, VHP activists blackened the face of 
the institute's director, Devendra Singhai, a 
senior Indian Administrative Service officer. 
Chief of the Gwalior unit of the VHP, Narendra 
Pal Singh Bhadoria, proudly takes the credit for 
"teaching a lesson" to those who dared to insult 
Hindu gods and goddesses. He warns: "This was 
nothing. We can do much more if anybody dares 
repeat such things again. Ram ka apmaan bardash 
nahin hoga (we will not tolerate an insult to 
Ram)."

According to Bhadoria, the play was sacrilegious 
because the characters Ram, Sita and Laxman were 
shown singing Hindi film songs and Sita was shown 
wearing a pair of jeans. Bhadoria says he was 
happy that he had succeeded in his aim of 
"creating fear in those who dared insult Hindu 
gods and goddesses". However, according to 
students at the institute, the play was a 
"harmless" skit called "Kal Aaj aur Kal" in which 
Ram, Sita and Laxman were made to sing lines from 
popular Hindi songs. "There was nothing insulting 
and such plays have always been staged in 
colleges," a student said. But Bhadoria has 
justified the resort to "direct action".

Following the incident, Singhai is incommunicado 
and the girl has gone into hiding. The other 
family members, after having been warned against 
speaking up in public, are scared to go out into 
the city alone.


A.M. FARUQUI

VHP activists being arrested when they tried to 
force the closure of shops in Bhopal on March 17 
to protest against the arrest of their leader 
Acharya Dharmendra in Ujjain on March 16 for 
making incendiary speeches.


What is amazing is that an incident involving the 
director and faculty member of a premier Central 
government institute has not even come to the 
knowledge of BJP leaders in the State or the 
Tourism Minister under whose jurisdiction the 
institute falls. "I have no information on this," 
said Union Tourism Minister Jagmohan. Senior 
State BJP leader Maya Singh, who is also the 
party's election-in-charge in the State, was 
unaware of such an incident.

Significantly, several such incidents are being 
reported from other parts of the State. In 
Indore, for example, in February, activists of 
the VHP and the Bajrang Dal attacked and 
demolished a car shop owned by Sajid Carwalla, a 
Muslim youth who had eloped with a Sindhi girl. 
The girl kept pleading that she wanted to marry 
the man, but activists of the Bajrang Dal and the 
VHP separated the couple by force. According to 
the local police and the municipal corporation 
who assisted in the demolition, the shop stood on 
encroached land. Sajid is in jail on charges of 
intimidation and kidnapping. The local VHP chief 
J.C. Jain justifies the action against Sajid. "He 
was an anti-social element luring Hindu girls and 
forcing them into wrong deeds. By punishing him 
we have done a great service to society because 
despite complaints against him, the police not 
taking any action. They took action only when we 
intervened," Jain said. He added that the girl's 
family members had come to the VHP for "help". 
The "anti-social element" theory, is, however, 
not substantiated by the police. "We have no 
records of him on this. But he is in jail on 
charges of kidnapping and intimidation. The girl 
has given a statement against him," says the 
Superintendent of Police.

According to reports in the local newspapers, 
initially the girl kept saying that she wanted to 
marry him and later changed her statement. Says a 
local journalist: "It is a fact that Bajrang Dal 
and VHP people have become very aggressive ever 
since Uma Bharati became Chief Minister." He 
cites an incident on December 31, when activists 
of the two outfits staged a noisy protest against 
the staging of a fashion show at a hotel in 
Indore. In most of these incidents, the police 
are seen as not having stopped the perpetrators.

Is Madhya Pradesh becoming yet another laboratory 
for the Hindutva forces? This streak of 
intolerance, as opposed to the benign tolerance 
of Hinduism, is more in evidence now than ever 
before among the votaries of Hindutva.

Another case in point is Maharashtra BJP leader 
Gopinath Munde's demand to ban Jawaharlal Nehru's 
Discovery of India for its "defamatory remarks on 
Shivaji". According to Munde, "the book refers to 
Shivaji as a dacoit. This is a great insult to 
the king. If the book by James Laine can be 
banned for defaming Shivaji, then the same 
yardstick must be applied to Discovery of India". 
Munde's remarks came a day after State Home 
Minister R.R. Patil demanded an apology from 
Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee for his 
appeal to lift the ban on Laines' book, Shivaji: 
A Hindu King in Islamic India. The issue led to 
an uproar in the Maharashtra Assembly on March 17.

But the occurrence of such incidents in Madhya 
Pradesh is hardly surprising. Uma Bharati's 
fetish for Hindutva was obvious right from the 
day she was sworn-in in the presence of 
saffron-clad sadhus. She went on to inaugurate 
gaushalas (cowsheds) all over the State as the 
cow, according to her, was associated with the 
"agrarian culture of India". While people were 
largely amused at these actions, her move to ban 
liquor and non-vegetarian food in the religious 
towns of Ujjain, Amarkantak, Onkareshwar and 
Maheshwar resulted in a rash of protests from the 
local people. Given that the cities are located 
on the banks of rivers, it was feared that the 
move, if implemented, would render a large number 
of local fishermen jobless.

However, she remains resolute and the ban 
continues to be in force. She told Frontline: 
"The ban is definitely on. Sale of non-vegetarian 
food and liquor in the vicinity of religious 
places is prohibited. I have even told those 
managing the mosques and churches to see to it 
that such shops do not come in their vicinity." 
She admitted that sporadic incidents involving 
Bajrang Dal and VHP activists had come to her 
notice and "strict action has been taken against 
those responsible". However, there is no evidence 
of any "strict action".


______


[5]

www.sacw.net

India, 2004: The Digitization of Fascist Feudalism
A corrective for public amnesia on the eve of General Elections

by Aseem Shrivastava

[April 14, 2004]

"We the people of India, having solemnly resolved 
to constitute India into a Sovereign Socialist 
Secular Democratic Republic and to secure to all 
its citizens: Justice, social, economic and 
political; Liberty of thought, expression, 
belief, faith and worship; Equality of status and 
of opportunity; and to promote among them all 
Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual 
and the unity and integrity of the Nation; in our 
constituent assembly this twenty-sixth day of 
November, 1949, do hereby adopt, enact and give 
to ourselves this Constitution." (Preamble to the 
Constitution of India)
"The more things change, the more they remain the same." (Old saying)
"I love my country too much to be a nationalist." (Albert Camus)

2004: The year of elections
This calendar year, 2004, is perhaps fated to go 
down as one of the most critical in the entire 
political history of the world and certainly as 
the most significant in our time. One may even 
speculate that the elections of this year in 
different countries may decide the fate of that 
globally endangered species, democracy, itself: 
whether it will thrive and deepen its character, 
becoming an authentic form of human freedom in 
the future, or whether it will suffocate under 
the fascist onslaught which is practically global 
in the age of corporate globalization.
There are 191 member nations of the UN, of which 
roughly a quarter are dictatorships. Nearly half 
(64) of the remaining countries, all democracies 
of one form or another, go to polls this year. 34 
of these 64 nations are due to hold parliamentary 
elections, 30 are having presidential elections, 
while 13 are having both presidential and 
parliamentary elections. If somewhere between 4 
and 4.5 billion people in the world live in 
democracies, then at least half that number go to 
polls this year. It is unlikely that this has 
ever happened before, especially since many 
countries have become democratic only in recent 
times.
Clearly the stars are aligned in a rare fashion. 
When was the last time that not just the two 
largest democracies of the world, India (1050 
million people) and the US (294 million), but so 
many populous and important nations, such as 
Indonesia (230 million), Japan (128 million), 
Philippines (83 million), Iran (67 million), 
South Africa (47 million), South Korea (47 
million), Spain (42 million), Sudan (39 million), 
Algeria (34 million), Afghanistan (26 million), 
Malaysia (24 million), Australia (20 million) and 
Ghana (20 million), had parliamentary elections 
during the same calendar year?
The US Presidential elections this year are 
arguably the most significant, for both the US 
and the world in two and a quarter centuries of 
the existence of the American republic. A victory 
for George W. Bush could spell economic and 
military disaster for large parts of the world, 
the former perhaps not excluding the US itself. A 
defeat could revive the recently lost faith in 
democracy that much of the world has suffered and 
perhaps pave the way for further extensions of 
democracy in the future.
In Europe, the surprising results of the Spanish 
elections held recently forebode an interesting 
year. The pre-election favorites, the right-wing 
Popular Party lost to the Socialist Party, within 
days of a massive terrorist attack on Madrid for 
which the electorate held the outgoing Aznar 
government indirectly responsible because of its 
support for Bushís war on Iraq, in defiance of 
popular wishes. The results of the Spanish 
election have already had their first-round 
effect on French provincial elections in which 
the socialists have made significant gains.
Second in importance only to the US election is 
the upcoming Indian one, where a victory for the 
ruling BJP (Hindu fundamentalist) coalition could 
spell the final end of the already feeble 
Congress party (in the leadership of which India 
once won independence from the British empire) 
but more importantly, it will result, among other 
things, in the consolidation and 
institutionalization of consumer fascism under a 
saffron flag in the country and in the further 
corruption of school-going minds with the 
monstrous mythologies which have already been 
introduced in the education curriculum. A defeat 
of the BJP would, like in the US, restore 
confidence in democratic processes and reveal 
possibilities of more substantive political and 
social change in the future.
Evidently, the implications are potentially dire. 
It is not for nothing that the BJP government has 
been boasting recently of strong alliances with 
"natural allies", the US and Israel, both 
threatened by deadly fascism themselves. What a 
cowardly descent from the glory days of the 
Non-Aligned Movement, which India proudly shared 
during the period of the Cold War with such 
nations as Egypt, Cuba, the former Yugoslavia, 
Malaysia, Indonesia, Algeria and a host of other 
countries! Israel was not even an invitee to the 
Bandung Conference, which inaugurated the 
Non-Aligned Movement in 1955. But now that it has 
occupied Palestine and carried out enough pogroms 
since 1967, it merits our company: Surely not a 
natural alliance of the kind and the merciful!
This essay is written in twelve parts that dovetail into each other. [. . . ]

[Read Full Text at:

www.sacw.net/Nation/aseemApril2004.html  ]

______



[5]

UNESCO Goodwill Ambasador Madanjeet Singh
Founder, South Asia Foundation

Message on his 80th birthday, April 16, 2004


My conception of South Asia's unity in diversity 
essentially stems from my teenage experiences 
since I was a student at the Hindu University in 
Benares (now Varanasi). The alumnae came from 
every corner of the subcontinent and among my 
many friends I counted not only Punjabis and 
Kashmiris but others hailing from almost all 
Indian provinces, including present-day Pakistan 
and Bangladesh, as well as from Nepal and Sri 
Lanka. Mostly we lived in groups, speaking our 
own language, wearing our own regional clothes 
and eating our own food in separate messes. But 
there was no separation whatsoever as we entered 
the classrooms or the playgrounds. I recall the 
University Training Corps (UTC) drills, the 
cadets all looking all alike in military 
fatigues. Together we played football, hockey, 
tennis and especially cricket, interacted with 
each other and made lifelong friends. There was 
even a sort of "barter trade" among the students 
as clothes and other souvenirs were exchanged 
when they returned after the summer vacations. 
There were no "policy makers" to tell us what to 
do. It was all so natural, so spontaneous, so 
inspiring. BHU was truly a micro South Asia 
before India was partitioned.

As I arrived in Rome on a scholarship in 1950, I 
was still suffering from the trauma of the 
gruesome fratricidal carnage I had lived through 
in both parts of the divided Punjab. In Europe, 
too, the havoc caused by the Second World War 
could be seen everywhere. I was therefore 
emotionally involved in the efforts being made by 
a  number of European leaders to secure a lasting 
peace between their countries by uniting them 
both economically and politically. The South 
Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) 
was established on December 8, 1985, and  I felt 
elated that its charter reflected several EU 
ideas. A similar South Asian Union, I thought, 
was the answer to many of our problems and I 
cherished the hope that SAARC would forge ahead 
like the EU, dealing with subjects of common 
concern. I toyed with the idea of creating a 
South Asian Economic Union and hoped that as with 
the euro, South Asia, too, would eventually have 
its own single currency - and even invented a 
name for it, sasia. I imagined that as regional 
cooperation had brought France and Germany 
together after centuries of devastating wars, the 
commonality of SAARC would encourage India and 
Pakistan to transcend their bilateral quarrel 
over Kashmir. I could not comprehend why the two 
neighbours did not join hands and, together with 
the other SAARC countries, make South Asia a 
major economic world power by effectively using 
the subcontinent's immense potential and 
resources.


It was against this background that I founded the 
South Asia Foundation and basically my vision of 
South Asia's unity in diversity is still inspired 
by the twin concept of classroom (education) and 
playground (creative friendship) - the two legs 
on which I would like SAF to stand and walk 
towards regional cooperation. I am convinced that 
only a voluntary and secular youth movement, 
nurtured by cultural diversity and common 
traditions rooted in centuries-old interaction 
between the people, can demolish the political 
hurdles placed by vested interests in the way of 
peace and progress in South Asia.

In  barely three years of existence, the South 
Asia Foundation has achieved a great deal. I am 
delighted at the great leap forward that SAF's 
programmes and activities in the field of 
education made during the Foundation's Third 
General Conference in New Delhi, on December 14, 
2003. The unprecedented programme of courses 
jointly designed by the Open Universities in 
SAARC countries and the landmark decision taken 
by the SAF Academic Council to offer 10,000 SAF 
Madanjeet Singh scholarships in vocational 
training and higher education will go a long way 
towards benefiting the socially and economically 
marginalized students in all eight South Asian 
countries - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, 
India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.


Beaulieu-sur-Mer: March 20, 2004.



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Buzz on the perils of fundamentalist politics, on 
matters of peace and democratisation in South 
Asia. SACW is an independent & non-profit 
citizens wire service run since 1998 by South 
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